The diagram below shows a top view of different shapes that can be considered self cleaning.
Pond filtration system diagram.
While there are commercial pond filter systems you can purchase many people choose to build their own to save money.
The biosteps 10 pond filter is the number 1 choice for koi ponds up to 1000 gallons and water garden ponds up to 2700 gallons.
It is vital to keep these oxygenated by passing pond water through the filter 24 hours a day.
In simple terms the media within the filter creates a huge surface area which becomes home to many millions of helpful bacteria.
You can put together a surprisingly capable pond filtration system using commonly found household tools and a few components purchased from your local aquarium supply or pet store.
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Notice the placement of the jets.
Gravity does all the work for you and less than 20 buys all the needed parts to assemble this water filtration system for a diy koi pond.
Gravitational diy pond filter.
View 31 best koi pond filter system images.
Bioball diy pond filter.
The jets are positioned to flow the water along the perimeter of the pond walls.
Up to 5000 gallons.
For under 50 you can build this effective bioball filter system that can easily filter and clean up to 300 gallons of water in a typical garden pond.
A biological filter works like a mini sewage system for the pond.
This simple biological filtration process uses a gravity flow design that eliminates all moving parts from the filter and therefore removes common points of failure.